What is the primary function of a parachute during descent?

The primary function of a parachute during descent is to increase air resistance. When deployed, a parachute expands and catches air, which creates a significant drag force opposing the gravitational pull acting on the person or object falling. This increase in air resistance slows down the descent rate, allowing for a controlled landing.

In the context of a parachute, the design maximizes the surface area exposed to the air, which maximizes the drag force. This mitigates the risks associated with high-speed falls by ensuring that the descent speed decreases to a safe level before landing.